600573dd-dfa5-44e5-b458-8727e793ffd7Portland cement (CEM I)CEMBUREAU technology mix, EN 197-1CEMBUREAU production mix, at plantProcessesProductionMaterial productionMinerals productionGood data quality. Data collected on site in representative plants. Completeness, plausibility and consistency checked by ECRA experts. Further internal review by CEMBUREAU experts. External review by Johannes Kreißig (thinkstep AG). Carried out in accordance with ISO 14040 series.67Data are based on cement plants which are representative for CEMBUREAU member countries in accordance with the assessment of the critical review.Cement is a hydraulic binder, i.e. a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and processes and which, after hardening, retains its strength and stability even under water. Portland cement (CEM I) consists of Portland cement clinker and minor additional constituents whereas Portland cement clinker has at least a part of 95% of the sum of both. Additionally calcium sulphate is added to the other constituents of Portland cement (CEM I) during its manufacture to control its setting. Raw material extraction, raw meal preparation, clinker burning, cement grinding and dispatch are included in the consideration of the cement plant. The different common technologies for clinker burning (dry process, semi-dry/semi-wet process, wet process) have been taken into account. Furthermore, the supply (extraction, preparation, transport) of raw materials, fuels, and electricity is included. The background system is addressed as follows: Electricity: CEMBUREAU specific electricity mix was used based on the electricity mix of CEMBUREAU member countries (ELCD data) in proportion to their relative cement production. Data sets from the GaBi databases 2006 were used in very few cases where such data were not available. Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included using ELCD data. Energy carriers and raw materials are modelled according to the specific situation in Europe by using the ELCD database. Data sets of the GaBi databases 2006 were used in case ELCD data were not available.Portland cement (CEM I ) is used as binding material in the construction sector in particular as essential constituent of concrete and mortar.CEMBUREAU_Cement_8c2d452b-f17e-4523-b423-22bf25d00bb8.jpgLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - massThe production process for cement is linear from the entrance of raw materials to the exit of products and waste emissions. The flow of materials and energy and also the associated release of substances and energy into the environment are therefore related exclusively to the cement produced. Allocation in mass is applicable if e.g. the clinker production serves for the production of different cement types. If there is an inflow of alternative material (fuel or raw material) to the product system in the production/manufacturing phase, only the recycling process and the transportation from the recycling process to where the material is used are included.All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneProcesses and activities that only constitute a trivial contribution to the data collection may be excluded using one of the following criteria: a. they together contribute to less than 1% of the total environmental impact for each impact category and/or b. they represent less than 1% of the mass input. Omissions from the inventory must be documented and justified.NoneData set base on average site-specific data. Horizontal aggregation is used to calculate European average data for clinker and cement. LCI modelling is fully consistent.NoneAggregation of representative plant data weighted according to production.NoneGaBi databases 2006100.0The data should be used in LCA studies where Portland cement is used within the product chain. Transportation of Portland cement from the cement plant and any further use has to be taken into account additionally since the data base on a cradle-to-gate approach. The inputs secondary fuel, secondary fuel renewable and gypsum suspension as well as waste (unspecific) are considered as environmental burden free and none upstream processes have to be connected to this data set.All relevant flows quantifiedFor details please see critical review report
For details please see critical review report
For details please see critical review reportthinkstepFor details please see critical review reportCEMBUREAU - Critical review reportILCD Data Network - Entry-levelNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedCEMBUREAUEC, DG ENVEPLCA project teamCEMBUREAU, the European Cement Association, is the representative organisation of the Cement Industry in Europe. CEMBUREAU aims at providing verified quantitative environmental information of in accordance with the ISO 14040 series of standards that can be a basis of LCA studies. The attached data set shall contribute to this aim by providing LCI data on Portland cement (CEM I) for LCA experts. Please contact CEMBUREAU if further information is requested.ECRA2016-01-01T00:00:00+01:00ILCD format 1.1ECRACEMBUREAU2016-01-01T00:00:00+01:0010.00.000Data set finalised; entirely publishedELCD database 2.0CEMBUREAUtrueOtherThe data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies, to distribute it to third parties, to convert it to other formats, to develop own data sets etc. as long as the copyright and license conditions for the ELCD data sets and the ILCD format are met that can be accessed via http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu. Please note e.g. that reference must be given to the 'Owner of data set' and to the 'ELCD database' plus version number, when using the data set or parts thereof. Please note also, that any modifications/omissions of the data set results in invalidity of any existing 'Official approval of data set by producer/operator', that the impression must be avoided that this would still be a complete ELCD data set, and that the content of further fields has to be adjusted. For details see the aforementioned copyright and license conditions.Cement (CEM I)Output100010000.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivation